What is a Pronoun?
Pronouns replace nouns. There are different types of pronouns: personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, reflexive pronouns, relative pronouns, demonstrative pronouns and indefinite pronouns. Most of them need to be declined. The following lectures will explain the different pronouns, their declension, their usage and word order.
Pronouns - Overview
Pronouns: 5.01. Personal Pronouns
The personal pronouns are: ich, du, er, sie, es, wir, ihr, sie, Sie and their declined versions. They replace a noun that was mentioned already. But you can talk about yourself or about somebody else using personal pronouns as well.
Example: „Das ist Max. Er spielt gerne Fußball.“
Example: „Das ist Max. Er spielt gerne Fußball.“
Pronouns: 5.02. Possessive Pronouns
The possessive pronouns are: mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser, euer, ihr and their declined versions. They replace an already mentioned noun and show ownership or belonging.
Example: „Ist das dein Koffer?“ – „Ja, das ist meiner!“
Example: „Ist das dein Koffer?“ – „Ja, das ist meiner!“
Pronouns: 5.03. Reflexive Pronouns
The reflexive pronouns are: mich, mir, dich, dir, sich, uns, euch and sich. They are used with reflexive and reciprocal verbs. They always correspond to the subject.
Example: „Ich wasche mir die Hände.“
Example: „Ich wasche mir die Hände.“
Pronouns: 5.04. Relative Pronouns
The relative pronouns are: der, die, das, welcher, welches and welche, as well as their declined versions. They replace an already mentioned noun and the following relative clause give a more detailed description of the noun.
Example: „Das ist der Mann, der einen Ferrari hat.“
Example: „Das ist der Mann, der einen Ferrari hat.“
Pronouns: 5.05. Demonstrative Pronouns
The demonstrative pronouns are: der, die, das, dieser, diese, dieses, jener, jene, jenes and their declined versions. They are used to emphasize something. And they can be used as a placeholder for a previously mentioned noun.
Example: „Wer ist der Mann dort?“ – „Den kenne ich nicht.“
Example: „Wer ist der Mann dort?“ – „Den kenne ich nicht.“
Pronouns: 5.06. Indefinite Pronouns
The indefinite pronouns are: etwas, nichts, jeder, man, jemand, niemand and their declined versions. They are replacements for unspecified people or things. It isn´t a specific person or thing.
Example: „Bringst du mir etwas zu essen mit?“
Example: „Bringst du mir etwas zu essen mit?“
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